Punch Principle Structure Diagram “Structural Planing Diagram”

The design principle of the punch press is to convert the circular motion into linear motion. The main motor outputs the force to drive the flywheel. The gear, crankshaft (or eccentric gear), connecting rod, etc. are driven by the clutch to achieve the linear motion of the slider. The movement of the connecting rod is a circular movement.

Between the connecting rod and the sliding block, there needs to be a transition point for circular motion and linear motion. There are roughly two mechanisms in its design, one is a ball type, the other is a pin type (cylindrical type), through which the circular motion is Converted into linear motion of the slider. The punch presses the material to deform it plastically to obtain the required shape and precision. Therefore, it must be matched with a set of molds (upper mold and lower mold), the material is placed in between, and the machine applies pressure to deform it , The reaction force caused by the force applied to the material during processing is absorbed by the punch machine body.

1, upper die
The upper die is the upper half of the whole set of die, that is, the die part installed on the slide of the press.
2, upper die seat
The upper die seat is a plate-shaped part on the upper die. When the workpiece is close to the press slider, it is fixed by the die handle or directly with the press slider.
3, die
The lower die is the lower half of the whole set of die, that is, the die part installed on the working table of the press.
4, lower mold seat
The lower mold base is a plate-shaped part on the bottom surface of the lower mold, which is directly fixed on the working table or backing plate of the press when working.
5. Blade wall
The blade wall is the side wall of the cutting edge of the punching die hole.
6, cutting edge slope
The slope of the cutting edge is the slope of each side of the edge wall of the punching die hole.
7, air cushion
Air cushion is a bomb ejector with compressed air as the driving force. Refer to “Topper”.
8, reverse pressure block
The opposite side pressure block is a part that supports the one-way force punch from the other side of the working surface.
9、Guide sleeve
Guide sleeves are tubular parts that provide precise guidance for the relative movement of the upper and lower mold bases. Most of them are fixed in the upper mold base and used in conjunction with the guide posts fixed on the lower mold base.
10, guide plate
The guide plate is a plate-shaped part with an inner hole that is precisely sliding with the convex mold. It is used to ensure the mutual alignment of the convex mold and the concave mold, and plays the role of unloading (pieces). 11. Guide post
The guide post is a cylindrical part that provides precise guidance for the relative movement of the upper and lower mold bases. Most of them are fixed on the lower mold base and used in conjunction with the guide sleeve fixed on the upper mold base.
12, guide pin
The guide pin is a pin-shaped part that extends into the material hole to correct its position in the die.
13、Guide plate mold
The guide plate mold is a die guided by the guide plate, and the punch does not leave the guide plate when the mold is used.
14、Guide plate
The guide plate is a plate-shaped guide part that guides the strip (belt, roll) material into the die.
15、Guide pillar mold base
Guide pillar mold base is a mold base in which guide pillars and guide sleeves slide mutually. (Refer to “Mold Base”).
16、Die
The punching die is a process equipment installed on a press to produce punching parts. It is composed of an upper and a lower part that cooperate with each other.
17, punch
The punch is a convex working part that directly forms the punch in the die, that is, the part whose shape is the working surface.
18、Concave mold
The concave die is the concave working part that directly forms the punching part in the die, that is, the part whose inner shape is the working surface.
19、Protection board
The protective plate is a plate-shaped part that prevents fingers or foreign objects from entering the dangerous area of ​​the die.
20, pressure plate (circle)
The blanking plate (ring) is a part used to press the stamping material or process parts to control the flow of the material in the die. In the drawing die, the blanking plate is mostly called the blanking ring.
21, press bar
The press bar is a rib-like protrusion used to control the flow of the material in the drawing die or the drawing die. The press bar can be a partial structure of the die or the press ring, or it can be embedded in the die or the press ring Separate parts.
22, pressure threshold
The pressure bar is a special name for the pressure bar with a rectangular cross-section. Refer to “Pressing bar”.
23, bearing plate
The bearing plate is a plate-shaped part used to connect the upper plane of the long die and support the stamping material.
24, continuous mode
The continuous die is a die with two or more stations, and the material is sent to one station one by one along with the stroke of the press, so that the stamped parts are gradually formed.
25, side blade
Side blade is a punch that cuts out the feeding positioning gap on the side of the strip (tape, roll).
26, side pressure plate
side pressure plate is a plate-shaped part that exerts pressure on one side of the strip (belt, coil) through a spring to force the other side to abut the guide plate.
27, ejector
The ejector rod is a rod-shaped part that directly or indirectly ejects the work (sequence) or the order material by the upward movement.
28, top plate
The top plate is a plate-shaped part that moves in the die or module, and directly or indirectly ejects the work (sequence) or waste material with an upward movement.
29, ring gear

The gear ring is a ring-shaped tooth protrusion on a fine blanking die or a toothed pressing plate, which is a partial structure of the concave die or a toothed pressing plate rather than a separate part.

30. Limiting sleeve

The limit sleeve is a tubular part used to limit the small closing height of the die, and it is generally sleeved outside the guide post.
31, limit post
The limit post is a column-shaped piece that limits the smaller closing height of the die.
32, positioning pin (plate)
Locating pin (plate) is a part that guarantees that the process parts have a constant position in the mold. They are called locating pins or locating plates due to their different shapes.
33, fixed plate
The fixed plate is a plate-shaped part that fixes the punch.
34, fixed unloading plate
Fixed discharge plate is a discharge plate fixed on the die. (Refer to “Unloading Plate”).
35, fixed stop pin (plate)
Fixed stop pin (plate) is a stop pin (plate) that is fixed in the mold. (Refer to “Block Pin (Plate)”).
36、Unloader
part unloader is a non-plate-shaped part or device that unloads work (sequence) parts from the outer surface of the punch.
37, unloading plate
Unloading plate is a fixed or movable plate-shaped part that unloads materials or work (sequence) parts from the punch. The discharge plate is sometimes made into a whole with the guide plate, and also serves as a guide, and is still called the discharge plate.
38, unloading screw
unloading screw is a screw fixed on the elastic unloading plate, used to limit the static position of the elastic unloading plate.
39, single process mold
Single process die is a die that only completes one process in one stroke of the press.
40, ​​scrap cutter
There are two types of scrap cutters. 1. A cutter installed on the flange trimming die of the drawn part to cut off the entire circle of trimming waste to facilitate removal. 2. A cutter installed on a press or mold to cut strip (belt, roll) waste to a fixed length to facilitate removal.
41, combination die
Combined die is a universal and adjustable complete set of die that gradually forms various punching parts according to geometric elements (straight lines, angles, arcs, holes). The contour of the plane-shaped punching part generally needs several sets of combined punching dies to be punched in stages.
42. Starting stopper pin (plate)
Initial stopper pin (plate) is a part used for positioning when the starting end of the material is fed. The first stopper pins (plates) are all movable.
43, block
block is a complete concave mold, convex mold, unloading plate or fixed plate and other split parts.
44, stop (plate)
stopper (plate) is a hardened part used for positioning when the material cut through the side edge cuts the gap when it is fed, and it is also used to balance the single-sided cutting force experienced by the side edge. The stop (plate) is generally used in conjunction with the side edge.
45, stop pin (plate)
stopper pin (plate) is a positioning part of the material along the feeding direction. It is called stopper pin or stopper plate due to its different shapes. Stopping pin (plate) is a collective term for fixed stopper pin (plate), movable stopper pin (plate), and starting stopper pin (plate).
46, pad

Backing plate is a hardened plate-like part between the fixed plate (or die) and the mold base to reduce the unit compressive stress of the mold base.

Editor: Qian